The first literary traces of a Karwa ceremony appear in 16th‑century Sanskrit verses that describe a clay pot used in moon‑worship rituals. Community chronicles from Rajasthan soon recorded married women fasting from sunrise until the moon’s appearance, emphasizing silence, purity, and the exchange of a decorated pot as the core framework of the fast.
During the Mughal period, the practice merged with the regional custom of ‘sargi’—a pre‑dawn nourishment shared among women. Household manuals of the era codified a single, uninterrupted day of abstention, forbidding all food and water except the blessed sargi, thereby solidifying the ritual’s timing and termination at moonrise.